This file demonstrates how to initialize variables

my ($first, $second);

$first = 7;
$second = "hello";
print "\$first = $first; \$second = $second\n";

$first = $second;
print "\$first = $first; \$second = $second\n";

$first = "wonderful";
$second = 43;
print "\$first = $first; \$second = $second\n";

$first = 0;
$second = "";
print "\$first = $first; \$second = $second\n";

my (@list, $value, $temp);
$list[0] = 3;
$list[1] = 4;
$list[2] = 0;
$list[5] = 6;
foreach $value (0 .. $#list) {
    $temp = defined $list[$value] ? $list[$value] : "undef";
    print "\$list[$value] = $temp ";
}
print "\n";

my (@sublist);
@sublist = @list[0..1,5];
foreach $value (0 .. $#sublist) {
    $temp = defined $sublist[$value] ? $sublist[$value] : "undef";
    print "\$sublist[$value] = $temp ";
}
print "\n";

($first,$second,@sublist) = @list;
print "\$first = $first \$second = $second ";
foreach $value (0 .. $#sublist) {
    $temp = defined $sublist[$value] ? $sublist[$value] : "undef";
    print "\$sublist[$value] = $temp ";
}
print "\n";

my %data;
$data{Wilma} = "Betty";
$data{Fred} = "Barney";
$data{Dino} = "Sabertooth";
foreach $value (keys %data) {
    print "\$data{\'$value\'} = $data{$value} ";
}
print "\n";

%data = ( "Miami" => "FL", "Boston" => "MA", "New York" => "NY"); 
foreach $value (keys %data) {
    print "\$data{\'$value\'} = $data{$value} ";
}
print "\n";

my $key;
while ( ($key,$value) = each %data) {
    print "City: $key, State: $value ";
}
print "\n";



This is the output of the program

$first = 7; $second = hello
$first = hello; $second = hello
$first = wonderful; $second = 43
$first = 0; $second = 
$list[0] = 3 $list[1] = 4 $list[2] = 0 $list[3] = undef $list[4] = undef $list[5] = 6 
$sublist[0] = 3 $sublist[1] = 4 $sublist[2] = 6 
$first = 3 $second = 4 $sublist[0] = 0 $sublist[1] = undef $sublist[2] = undef $sublist[3] = 6 
$data{'Fred'} = Barney $data{'Dino'} = Sabertooth $data{'Wilma'} = Betty 
$data{'Miami'} = FL $data{'New York'} = NY $data{'Boston'} = MA 
City: Miami, State: FL City: New York, State: NY City: Boston, State: MA